小学英语语法对于即将参加升中考的小学生们来说,是一个非常重要的知识,那么小学生们需要复习的小学英语语法有那哪些呢?下面由小编为大家整理的小学英语语法大全及练习,希望大家喜欢!
小学英语语法大全及练习
一、名词复数规则
1.一般情况下,直接加-s,如:book-books,bag-bags,cat-cats,bed-beds
2.以s.x.sh.ch结尾,加-es,如:bus-buses,box-boxes,brush-brushes,watch-watches
3.以辅音字母+y结尾,变y为i,再加-es,如:family-families,strawberry-strawberries
4.以f或fe结尾,变f或fe为v,再加-es,如:knife-knives5.不规则名词复数:man-men,woman-women,policeman-policemen,policewoman-policewomen,mouse-micechild-childrenfoot-feet,.tooth-teethfish-fish,people-people,Chinese-Chinese,Japanese-Japanese写出下列各词的复数I_________him_________this___________her______watch_______child_______photo________diary______day________foot________book_______dress________tooth_______sheep______box_______strawberry_____thief_______yo-yo______peach______sandwich______man______woman_______paper_______juice___________
二、一般现在时
一般现在时基本用法介绍
【No.1】一般现在时的功能
1.表示事物或人物的特征、状态。如:Theskyisblue.天空是蓝色的。
2.表示经常性或习惯性的动作。如:Igetupatsixeveryday.我每天六点起床。
3.表示客观现实。如:Theearthgoesaroundthesun.地球绕着太阳转。一般现在时的构成1.be动词:主语+be(am,is,are)+其它。如:Iamaboy.我是一个男孩。
2.行为动词:主语+行为动词(+其它)。如:WestudyEnglish.我们学习英语。当主语为第三人称单数(he,she,it)时,要在动词后加-s或-es。如:MarylikesChinese.玛丽喜欢汉语。
一般现在时的变化
1.be动词的变化。否定句:主语+be+not+其它。如:Heisnotaworker.他不是工人。
一般疑问句:Be+主语+其它。如:-Areyouastudent?-Yes.Iam./No,I39;mnot.
特殊疑问句:疑问词+一般疑问句。如:Whereismybike?2.行为动词的变化。
否定句:主语+don39;t(doesn39;t)+动词原形(+其它)。如:Idon39;tlikebread.当主语为第三人称单数时,要用doesn39;t构成否定句。如:Hedoesn39;toftenplay.
一般疑问句:Do(Does)+主语+动词原形+其它。如:-Doyouoftenplayfootball?-Yes,Ido./No,Idon39;t.
当主语为第三人称单数时,要用does构成一般疑问句。如:-Doesshegotoworkbybike?-Yes,shedoes./No,shedoesn39;t.
特殊疑问句:疑问词+一般疑问句。如:Howdoesyourfathergotowork?动词+s的变化规则
1.一般情况下,直接加-s,如:cook-cooks,milk-milks
2.以s.x.sh.ch.o结尾,加-es,如:guess-guesses,wash-washes,watch-watches,go-goes
3.以辅音字母+y结尾,变y为i,再加-es,如:study-studies
一般现在时用法专练
:一、写出下列动词的第三人称单数drink________go_______stay________make________look_________have_______pass_______carry____come________watch______plant_______fly________study_______brush________do_________teach_______
二、用括号内动词的适当形式填空。
1.Heoften________(have)dinnerathome.
2.DanielandTommy_______(be)inClassOne.
3.We_______(notwatch)TVonMonday.
4.Nick_______(notgo)tothezooonSunday.5.______they________(like)theWorldCup?
6.What_______theyoften_______(do)onSaturdays?
7._______yourparents_______(read)newspaperseveryday?
8.Thegirl_______(teach)usEnglishonSundays.
9.SheandI________(take)awalktogethereveryevening.
10.There________(be)somewaterinthebottle.
.三、按照要求改写句子1.DanielwatchesTVeveryevening.(改为否定句)___________________________________________________
2.Idomyhomeworkeveryday.(改为一般疑问句,作否定回答)____________________________________________________________________________________
3.Shelikesmilk.(改为一般疑问句,作肯定回答)___________________________________________________________________________________
4.Amylikesplayingcomputergames.(改为一般疑问句,作否定回答)____________________________________________________________________________________________
5.Wegotoschooleverymorning.(改为否定句)_______________________________________________________
五、改错(划出错误的地方,将正确的写在横线上)
1.IsyourbrotherspeakEnglish?__________________
2.Doeshelikesgoingfishing?__________________
3.Helikesplaygamesafterclass.__________________
4.Mr.WuteachsusEnglish.__________________
5.ShedontdoherhomeworkonSundays._________________
三、现在进行时
1.现在进行时表示现在正在进行或发生的动作,也可表示当前一段时间内的活动或现阶段正在进行的动作。
2.现在进行时的肯定句基本结构为be+动词ing.
3.现在进行时的否定句在be后加not。
4.现在进行时的一般疑问句把be动词调到句首。
5.现在进行时的特殊疑问的基本结构为:疑问词不达意+be+主语+动词ing?
但疑问词当主语时其结构为:疑问词不达意+be+动词ing?动词加ing的变化规则
1.一般情况下,直接加ing,如:cook-cooking
2.以不发音的e结尾,去e加ing,如:make-making,taste-tasting
3.如果末尾是一个元音字母和一个辅音字母,双写末尾的辅音字母,再加ing,如:run-running,stop-stopping
现在进行时专项练习:
一、写出下列动词的现在分词:play________run__________swim_________make__________go_________like________write_________ski___________read________have_________sing________dance_________put_________see________buy_________love____________live_______take_________come________get_________stop_________sit________begin________shop___________
二、用所给的动词的正确形式填空:
1.Theboy__________________(draw)apicturenow.
2.Listen.Somegirls_______________(sing)intheclassroom.3.Mymother_________________(cook)somenicefoodnow.
4.What_____you______(do)now?
5.Look.They_______________(have)anEnglishlesson.
6.They____________(not,water)theflowersnow.
7.Look!thegirls________________(dance)intheclassroom.
8.Whatisourgranddaughterdoing?She_________(listen)tomusic.
9.Its5oclocknow.We_____________(have)suppernow
10.______Helen____________(wash)clothes?Yes,sheis.
三、句型转换:
⑵疑问词当主语时:疑问词+动词过去式?如:Whowenttohomeyesterday?
动词过去式变化规则:
1.一般在动词末尾加-ed,如:pull-pulled,cook-cooked
2.结尾是e加d,如:taste-tasted
3.末尾只有一个元音字母和一个辅音字母的重读闭音节,应双写末尾的辅音字母,再加-ed,如:stop-stopped
4.以辅音字母+y结尾的,变y为i,再加-ed,如:study-studied
过去时练习
写出下列动词的过去式isam_________fly_______plant________are________drink_________play_______go________make________does_________dance________worry________ask_____taste_________eat__________draw________put______throw________kick_________pass_______do________
Be动词的过去时练习(1)
一、用be动词的适当形式填空1.I_______atschooljustnow.
2.He________atthecamplastweek.
3.We________studentstwoyearsago.
4.They________onthefarmamomentago.
5.YangLing________elevenyearsoldlastyear.
6.There________anappleontheplateyesterday.
7.There________somemilkinthefridgeonSunday.
8.Themobilephone_______onthesofayesterdayevening.
二、句型转换
1.Itwasexciting.否定句:________________________________________________
一般疑问句:____________________________________________
肯、否定回答:__________________________________________
2.Allthestudentswereveryexcited.
否定句:________________________________________________
一般疑问句:____________________________________________
肯、否定回答:__________________________________________
3.Theywereinhispocket.
否定句:________________________________________________
一般疑问句:____________________________________________
肯、否定回答:__________________________________________Be动词的过去时练习(2)
一、用be动词的适当形式填空
1.I______anEnglishteachernow.
2.She_______happyyesterday.
3.They_______gladtoseeeachotherlastmonth.
4.HelenandNancy________goodfriends.
5.Thelittledog_____twoyearsoldthisyear.
6.Look,there________lotsofgrapeshere.
7.There________asignonthechaironMonday..
8.Today_____thesecondofJune.Yesterday______thefirstofJune.It_____ChildrensDay.Allthestudents______veryexcited.
二、句型转换
1.Therewasacarinfrontofthehousejustnow.
否定句:________________________________________________
一般疑问句:____________________________________________
肯、否定回答:__________________________________________
肯、否定回答:__________________________________________
三、中译英
1.我的故事书刚才还在手表旁边。___________________________________________________________
2.他们的外套上个礼拜放在卧室里了。___________________________________________________________
3.一会以前花园里有两只小鸟。___________________________________________________________
行为动词的过去时练习(1)
一、用行为动词的适当形式填空
1.He_________(live)inWuxitwoyearsago.
2.Thecat________(eat)abirdlastnight.
3.We_______(have)apartylastHalloween.
4.Nancy________(pick)uporangesonthefarmlastweek.
5.I________(make)amodelshipwithMikeyesterday.
6.They________(play)chessintheclassroomlastPElesson.
7.Mymother_______(cook)anicefoodlastSpringFestival.
8.Thegirls________(sing)and_______(dance)attheparty.
二、句型转换1.SuHaitooksomephotosattheSportsday.
否定句:________________________________________________
一般疑问句:____________________________________________
肯、否定回答:__________________________________________
2.Nancywenttoschoolearly.
否定句:________________________________________________
一般疑问句:____________________________________________
肯、否定回答:__________________________________________
3.WesangsomeEnglishsongs.
否定句:________________________________________________
一般疑问句:____________________________________________
肯、否定回答:__________________________________________
行为动词的过去时练习(2)
Name____________No.______Date__________
一、用动词的适当形式填空
1.It_____(be)the2ndofNovemberyesterday.
MrWhite________(go)tohisofficebycar.
2.GaoShan________(put)thebookonhisheadamomentago.
3.Dont______thehouse.Mum_______ityesterday.(clean)
4.What____you______justnow?I_______somehousework.(do)5.They_________(make)akiteaweekago.
6.Iwantto______apples.Butmydad_______allofthemlastmonth.(pick)
7._______he______theflowersthismorning?Yes,he_____.(water)8.She____(be)aprettygirl.Look,she_____(do)Chinesedances.
9.Thestudentsoften_________(draw)somepicturesintheartroom.
10.What______Mikedoonthefarm?He________cows.(milk)
二、中译英
1.他的朋友在照看他的弟弟。_________________________________________________________
2.去年端午节我们没去看了龙舟比赛。_________________________________________________________
3.他在音乐课上拉小提琴了吗?不,没有。_________________________________________________________
小学英语语法易错点汇总
【第一类】名词类
1.这些女老师们在干什么?
[误]Whatarethewomanteachersdoing?
[正]Whatarethewomenteachersdoing?
[析]在英语中,当一名词作定语修饰另一名词(单数)时,作定语的名词一般要用其单数形式;但当man,woman作定语修饰可数名词复数形式时,要用其复数形式men,women.
2.房间里有多少人?
[误]Howmanypeoplesarethereintheroom?
[正]Howmanypeoplearethereintheroom?
[析]people作人、人们解时,是个集合名词,其单复数同形。
3.我想为我儿子买两瓶牛奶。
[误]Iwanttobuytwobottleofmilkformyson.
[正]Iwanttobuytwobottlesofmilkformyson.
[析]表示不可数名词的数量时,常用a/an或数词+表量的可数名词+of+不可数名词这一结构,其中当数词大于1时,表量的可数名词要用其复数形式。
【第二类】动词类
4.你妹妹通常什么时候去上学?
[误]Whattimedoesyoursisterusuallygoestoschool?
[正]Whattimedoesyoursisterusuallygotoschool?
[析]借助助动词do(或does)构成疑问句或否定句时,句中的谓语动词用其原形。
5.琳达晚上经常做作业,但今晚她在看电视。
[误]Lindaoftendoherhomeworkintheevening,butthiseveningshewatchingTV.
[正]Lindaoftendoesherhomeworkintheevening,butthiseveningsheiswatchingTV.
[析]在初一英语学习阶段,我们接触到了两种主要时态:一般现在时和现在进行时。一般现在时表示经常的或习惯性的动作,常和often,usually,sometimes等时间状语连用。在一般现在时的句子中,若主语是第三人称单数,谓语动词要用其第三人称单数形式。现在进行时表示现阶段正在进行或发生的动作,现在进行时由be(am/is/are)+ving形式构成。
6.这双鞋是红色的。
[误]Thispairofshoesarered.
[正]Thispairofshoesisred.
[析]在shoes,trousers,gloves,glasses等表示成双成对的衣物或工具名词前用pair(表计量)修饰时,谓语动词的形式由pair的单复数形式来决定。
【第三类】代词类
7.这张票是她的,不是我的。
[误]Thisishersticket.Itsnotmy.
[正]Thisisherticket.Itsnotmine.
[析]物主代词有形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词之分。形容词性物主代词之后一定要接名词,而名词性物主代词之后不需接任何词。
8.吴老师教我们英语。
[误]MissWuteachesourEnglish.
[正]MissWuteachesusEnglish.
[析]teachsb.sth..中的sb.作teach的宾语,因此当sb.为人称代词时要用其宾格形式。
【第四类】介词类
9.你能找到这个问题的答案吗?
[误]Canyoufindtheanswerofthisquestion?
[正]Canyoufindtheanswertothisquestion?
[析]英语中用theanswerto表示的答案。类似结构还有thekeytothedoor,thewaytothezoo等。
10.格林先生星期六上午来这里。
[误]Mr.GreenwillcomehereinSundayevening.
[正]Mr.GreenwillcomehereonSundayevening.
[析]表示在上午、下午等时,介词要用in;而表示在具体的某天上午、下午时,介词要用on.
11.那个穿着红裙子的小女孩是我们老师的女儿。
[误]Thatlittlegirlonaredskirtisourteachersdaughter.
[正]Thatlittlegirlinaredskirtisourteachersdaughter.
[析]用介词表示穿戴衣物时,只能用in,其他介词没有此用法。
【第五类】副词类
12.莉莉,你为什么不回家呢?
[误]Lily,whydontyougotohome?
[正]Lily,whydontyougohome?
[析]come,go等后接here,there,home等地点副词时,地点副词前不加to。
【第六类】连词类
13.我喜欢语文和英语,但我不喜欢体育和历史。
[误]IlikeChineseandEnglish,butIdontlikeP.E.andhistory.
[正]IlikeChineseandEnglish,butIdontlikeP.E.orhistory.
[析]在肯定句中并列成分之间用and来连接;而在否定句中,并列成分之间的连接需用or。
【第七类】冠词类
[误]IttakesSmithsahourtogotoBeijingbyaplane.
[正]IttakestheSmithsanhourtogotoBeijingbyplane.
[析]1.表示一家人用结构the+姓氏复数;
2.our一词的第一个字母不发音,它是以元音音素开头的,所以一小时要用anhour;
3.用介词by表示乘坐某种交通工具时,交通工具名词前不加任何冠词。
【第八类】句法类
15.――你不是学生吗?――不,我是学生。
[误]――Arentyouastudent?――No,Iam.
[正]――Arentyouastudent?――Yes,Iam.
[析]对否定疑问句的回答是用Yes还是用No,这取决于实际情况:如果事实是肯定的,就用Yes表不;如果事实是否定的,就用No表是的。
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